The Importance of Low-frequency Alpha (8−10 Hz) Waves and Default Mode Network in Behavioral Inhibition
Yong-Wook Kim1,2, Sungkean Kim3, Min Jin Jin1,4, Chang-Hwan Im2, Seung-Hwan Lee1,5
1Clinical Emotion and Cognition Research Laboratory, Inje University, Goyang, Korea
2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
3Department of Human-Computer Interaction, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
4Institute of General Education, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea
5Department of Psychiatry, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
Correspondence to: Seung-Hwan Lee
Department of Psychiatry, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 170 Juhwa-ro, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang 10380, Korea
E-mail: lshpss@paik.ac.kr
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0305-3709

Chang-Hwan Im
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
E-mail: ich@hanyang.ac.kr
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3795-3318
Received: October 20, 2022; Revised: January 13, 2023; Accepted: February 17, 2023; Published online: May 30, 2023.
© The Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology. All rights reserved.

Abstract
Objective: Alpha wave of electroencephalography (EEG) is known to be related to behavioral inhibition. Both the alpha wave and default mode network (DMN) are predominantly activated during resting-state. To study the mechanisms of the trait inhibition, this research investigating the relations among alpha wave, DMN and behavioral inhibition in resting-state.
Methods: We explored the relationship among behavioral inhibition, resting-state alpha power, and DMN. Resting-state EEG, behavioral inhibition/behavioral activation scale (BIS/BAS), Barratt impulsivity scale, and no-go accuracy were assessed in 104 healthy individuals. Three groups (i.e., participants with low/middle/high band power) were formed based on the relative power of each total-alpha, low-alpha (LA), and high-alpha band. Source-reconstructed EEG and functional network measures of 25 DMN regions were calculated.
Results: Significant differences and correlations were found based on LA band power alone. The high LA group had significantly greater BIS, clustering coefficient, efficiency, and strength, and significantly lower path length than low/middle LA group. BIS score showed a significant correlation with functional network measures of DMN.
Conclusion: Our study revealed that LA power is related to behavioral inhibition and functional network measures of DMN of LA band appear to represent significant inhibitory function.
Keywords: Low alpha; Default mode network; Behavioral inhibition; Functional network

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