Potential candidates for biomarkers in bipolar disorder: a proteomic approach through systems biology
Adriane Ribeiro Rosa 1, 2, 5*, Paola Rampelotto Ziani 1, 5, Jacson Gabriel Feiten 2, 5, Jéferson Ferraz Goularte 2, 5, Rafael Colombo 3, 5, Bárbara Antqueviezc 5, Luiza Paul Géa 4
1Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeutics - Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 2Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences - Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 3University of Caxias do Sul, 4McMaster University, 5Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre
Received: May 13, 2021; Revised: July 2, 2021; Accepted: July 2, 2021; Published online: July 2, 2021.
© The Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology. All rights reserved.

Abstract
BD is one of the most disabling diseases characterized by severe humor fluctuation. It is accompanied by cognitive and functional impairment in addiction to high suicide rates. BD is often underdiagnosed and treated incorrectly because many of the reported symptoms are not exclusive to the disorder. Once the diagnosis is exclusively clinical, it is not possible to state precisely. From that, proteomic approaches were used to identify, in a large scale, all proteins involved in cellular or tissue processes. This review aggregate data from blood proteomes, by using protein association network, of subjects with BD and healthy controls to suggest dysfunctional molecular pathways involved in disease. Original articles containing proteomic analysis were searched in PubMed. Seven studies were selected and data were extracted for posterior analysis. A protein-protein interaction network was created by STRING database. A final set of proteins in this network were employed as input in ClueGO and, the main biological process was visualized using R package pathview. The analysis revealed proteins associated with many biological processes, including growth and endocrine regulation, iron transportation, protease inhibition, protection against pathogens and cholesterol transport. Moreover, pathway analysis indicated the association of uncovered proteins with two main metabolic pathways: complement system and coagulation cascade. Thus, a better understanding on the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders and the identification of potential biomarker candidates are essential to improve diagnostic, prognostic and design pharmacological strategies.
Keywords: biological signature, biomarkers, bipolar disorder, proteomic, systems biology

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