Fig. 1. Various types for transcranial electrical stimulation (tES). (A) Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) delivers direct and monopolar current which fades in/fades out at the beginning and end of the stimulation until the desired intensity is achieved. (B) Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) delivers biphasic sinusoidal current alternates between positive and negative voltages and enables entrainment of brains’ endogenous oscillations. (C) Transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) delivers fluctuating currents within a specific range.
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